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Microlesson · 5-min read

Debenture Redemption Reserve (DRR) [Section 71(4) & Rule 18(7)]

# Debenture Redemption Reserve (DRR) Account [Section 71(4) read with Rule 18(7)]

## 1. Basic Rule

  • A company shall create a DRR out of profits available for payment of dividend.
  • Amount credited to DRR shall NOT be utilised for any purpose except redemption of debentures.

## 2. Requirement of DRR – Company-wise Matrix

Category of CompanyPublicly Placed DebenturesPrivately Placed Debentures
All India Financial Institutions (regulated by RBI)ExemptedExempted
Banking CompaniesExemptedExempted
Listed Companies (other than above)Exempted (Except NBFCs not registered with RBI u/s 45-IA and Housing Finance companies not registered with NHB)Exempted (Same exception)
Unlisted Companies (other than AIFIs & Banks)DRR = 10% of outstanding debenturesDRR = 10% of outstanding debentures (Except NBFCs registered with RBI u/s 45-IA and HFCs registered with NHB)

## 3. Rationale of MCA Relaxations

  • To reduce the cost of borrowings for companies.
  • Other Financial Institutions covered under Section 2(72) are treated like NBFCs registered with RBI for DRR purposes.
  • In case of partly convertible debentures, DRR is to be created only on the non-convertible portion.

## 4. Investment / Deposit Requirement (DRI – Debenture Redemption Investment)

### Who must invest?

CompanyType of Debenture
Listed Co. (other than AIFIs & Banks)Publicly placed
Unlisted Co. (other than AIFIs & Banks)Publicly placed AND Privately placed (except NBFCs registered with RBI u/s 45-IA and HFCs registered with NHB)

### Amount & Timing

  • By 30th April of every year, the company must invest/deposit
  • An amount equal to 15% of debentures maturing during the financial year ending 31st March of the next year.

### Permitted Modes of Investment / Deposit

(a) Deposits with any scheduled bank, free from any charge or lien.

(b) Unencumbered securities of the Central or State Government.

(c) Unencumbered securities under section 20(a) to (d) and (ee) OR unencumbered bonds of any company notified under section 20(f) of the Indian Trusts Act, 1882.

### Maintenance

  • The invested/deposited amount shall not at any time fall below 15% of the debentures maturing during the year ending 31 March of that year.
  • Must be maintained till end of FY or maturity, whichever earlier.

## 5. Quick Recall

  • DRR is 10% – only for unlisted companies (other than AIFIs/Banks/specified NBFCs/HFCs).
  • DRI is 15% – of debentures maturing in next FY – by 30th April every year.
  • AIFIs and Banking companies → fully exempt for both publicly + privately placed.

Worked example

### Example 1

Q. Moon Ltd., an unlisted public company (not an NBFC, not an HFC), has outstanding privately placed debentures of ₹100 crore as on 31 March 2026, of which ₹40 crore mature in FY 2026-27. Compute the DRR and DRI obligations.

A. • DRR (10% of outstanding) = ₹10 crore – to be transferred out of profits available for dividend.

• DRI (15% of debentures maturing during FY 2026-27) = 15% × ₹40 crore = ₹6 crore – to be invested/deposited by 30 April 2026 in permitted modes and maintained till 31 March 2027 (or till maturity, whichever earlier).

### Example 2

Q. A scheduled commercial bank issued publicly placed debentures of ₹500 crore. Is it required to create DRR?

A. No. Banking companies are exempt from creating DRR for both publicly placed and privately placed debentures under Rule 18(7).

⚠️ Common exam mistakes

  • Mixing up DRR (10%) with DRI (15%). DRR is a profit-appropriation reserve; DRI is an actual investment/deposit obligation.
  • Applying the 15% DRI to TOTAL outstanding debentures. It is computed only on debentures MATURING during the FY ending on 31st March of the next year.
  • Missing the 30th April deadline for DRI – this is the actual statutory cut-off, not 31st March.
  • Creating DRR on the convertible portion of partly convertible debentures. DRR is required only on the NON-CONVERTIBLE portion.
  • Forgetting that listed companies (other than specified NBFCs/HFCs) are EXEMPT from creating DRR after the 2019 amendment.
Bare-Act text Section 71(4) & Rule 18(7) of Companies (Share Capital and Debentures) Rules, 2014 · The Companies Act, 2013 · click to expand
Section 71(4) – Where debentures are issued by a company under this section, the company shall create a debenture redemption reserve account out of the profits of the company available for payment of dividend and the amount credited to such account shall not be utilised by the company except for the redemption of debentures.
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