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Microlesson · 5-min read

Books of Account, Statement of Account & Solvency, Audit (Section 34 & 34A)

## Section 34 — Maintenance of Books of Account, Other Records and Audit

### Sub-section (1) — Books of Account (BOA)

  • Proper Books of Account shall be maintained
  • On cash basis OR accrual basis
  • Following double entry system of accounting
  • At the Registered Office of the LLP
  • For the prescribed period of time

### Sub-section (2) — Statement of Account & Solvency (SAS)

Every LLP shall, within 6 months from end of FY, prepare a SAS:

  • Signed by all Designated Partners
  • Filed with Registrar of Companies (RoC) in prescribed manner

### Sub-section (3) — Audit

Accounts of LLP shall be audited as may be prescribed.

Central Government may exempt any class of LLPs from audit.

### Sub-section (4) — Penalty for Contravention

ContraventionPenalty
Non-filing with RoCLLP: ₹100/day, max ₹1 lakh<br>Every DP: ₹100/day, max ₹50,000
Non-maintenance of BOA / SAS / Non-auditLLP: ₹25,000 to ₹5 lakhs<br>Every DP: ₹10,000 to ₹1 lakh

## Section 34A — Accounting & Auditing Standards

Central Government, in consultation with NFRA (National Financial Reporting Authority), may prescribe accounting and auditing standards (as recommended by ICAI) for a class of LLPs.

Worked example

### Example 1

Example: An LLP follows single-entry cash-basis bookkeeping. Is it compliant?

Answer: No. Section 34(1) mandates double-entry system. Cash basis is permitted, but only with double entry. Penalty: LLP ₹25,000–₹5 lakhs; every DP ₹10,000–₹1 lakh.

### Example 2

Example: FY ends 31st March 2026. By what date must the SAS be prepared and filed?

Answer: Within 6 months of FY end → by 30th September 2026. Filed with RoC, signed by all DPs.

⚠️ Common exam mistakes

  • Confusing the filing deadline of SAS (6 months) with that of Annual Return (60 days).
  • Believing cash basis books are non-compliant — they are permitted, provided double entry is followed.
  • Quoting per-day penalty without the cap of ₹1 lakh (LLP) and ₹50,000 (DP).
  • Confusing penalty for non-maintenance (range) with penalty for non-filing (per-day).
Reference: Sections 34 & 34A — Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008
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