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Microlesson · 5-min read

Cancellation of Registration — Grounds (Section 29 read with Rule 21)

# Cancellation of Registration — Grounds

## When can the Proper Officer cancel registration on his own?

A Proper Officer (PO) can suo-motu cancel registration in the following situations:

1. Fraud-based registration — Registration was obtained by means of fraud, wilful misstatement, or suppression of facts.

2. Contravention of prescribed provisions — A registered person has contravened the contraventions listed in Rule 21.

3. Voluntary registrant who never started business — A voluntarily registered person has not commenced business within 6 months from date of registration.

4. Composition taxpayer non-filer — Composition taxpayer has not furnished return for an FY beyond 3 months from the due date.

5. Non-filers (regular taxpayer) — Registered person has not filed returns for the specified period [Refer (h) & (i) below].

## Prescribed Contraventions [Rule 21]

The registered person —

ClauseContravention
(a)Does not conduct any business from declared place of business
(b)Issues invoice/bill without supply of goods/services in violation of the Act/Rules
(c)Violates the provisions of Section 171 (anti-profiteering)
(d)Violates Rule 10A (furnishing of bank account details)
(e)Avails ITC violating Section 16 / rules
(f)Furnishes outward supplies in GSTR-1 (as amended in GSTR-1A) in excess of supplies declared in valid GSTR-3B u/s 39 for one or more tax periods
(g)Violates Rule 86B (1% mandatory cash payment)
(ga)Violates 3rd or 4th proviso to Rule 23(1)
(h)Monthly filer — has not furnished returns for a continuous period of 6 months
(i)Quarterly filer — has not furnished returns for a continuous period of 2 tax periods

## Quick memory aid

  • Fraud / Non-commencement / Non-filing are the three big triggers.
  • For composition dealers, the threshold for non-filing is 3 months past due date of annual return.
  • For regular dealers, 6 months (monthly) / 2 quarters (quarterly).

Worked example

### Example 1

Example: A monthly return filer ABC Ltd has not filed GSTR-3B for January, February, March, April, May and June. Since there is non-filing for a continuous period of 6 months, the PO can initiate cancellation under Rule 21(h).

### Example 2

Example: A composition dealer XYZ was required to file the annual return (Form GSTR-4) for FY 2024-25 by 30th June 2025. He failed to file till 30th October 2025 (4 months past due date). Since the period exceeds 3 months from the due date, the PO can cancel registration under Section 29(2)(b).

⚠️ Common exam mistakes

  • Confusing the 3-month threshold (composition) with the 6-month threshold (regular monthly filer).
  • Forgetting that Rule 21(f) is triggered by GSTR-1 outward supplies being higher than GSTR-3B — not lower.
  • Treating voluntary registration's 6-month window as starting from incorporation date — it runs from date of registration.
  • Missing Rule 10A (bank account non-furnishing) as a separate ground for cancellation.
Bare-Act text Section 29(2) read with Rule 21 of CGST Rules · CGST Act, 2017 · click to expand
Section 29(2): The proper officer may, in such manner as may be prescribed, cancel the registration of a person from such date, including any retrospective date, where, — (a) a registered person has contravened such provisions of the Act or the rules made thereunder as may be prescribed; or (b) a person paying tax under section 10 has not furnished the return for a financial year beyond three months from the due date of furnishing the said return; or (c) any registered person, other than a person specified in clause (b), has not furnished returns for such continuous tax period as may be prescribed; or (d) any person who has taken voluntary registration under sub-section (3) of section 25 has not commenced business within six months from the date of registration; or (e) registration has been obtained by means of fraud, wilful misstatement or suppression of facts.
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