## Linkages in Strategy Implementation
### Forward Linkages
When strategy is formulated or reformulated, changes cascade into the organisation:
- Organisational structure must change to match the new strategy.
- Leadership style must adapt to the needs of the modified strategy.
### Backward Linkages
Implementation realities also influence strategy formulation:
- Past strategic actions shape the choice of future strategy.
- Organisations tend to adopt strategies that can be implemented using existing resources (with some additional effort).
> The relationship is bidirectional — formulation shapes implementation (forward), and implementation constraints shape formulation (backward).
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## Issues in Strategy Implementation
| Issue Area | Description |
|---|---|
| Project Implementation | Managing specific projects tied to the strategy |
| Procedural Implementation | Setting up formal procedures and policies |
| Resource Allocation | Distributing human, financial, and physical resources |
| Structural Implementation | Redesigning the organisation structure |
| Functional Implementation | Aligning functional strategies (marketing, finance, HR, operations) |
| Behavioural Implementation | Shaping leadership style, culture, values, and ethics |