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Microlesson · 5-min read

GST Circulars – Clarifications on Supply Scenarios

# Departmental Circulars – Clarified Supply Treatments

The CBIC has issued several circulars clarifying whether particular transactions amount to a 'supply' under GST and the rate / classification that applies. Memorise these as a checklist.

## 1. Supply of art works to galleries (sent on approval basis)

  • Sending an art work to a gallery for display is not a supply at the time of dispatch.
  • A supply arises only when the gallery (or its customer) accepts/buys the artwork.
  • Until then it moves under a delivery challan, not a tax invoice.

## 2. Transfer of tenancy rights (pagadi system)

  • Grant of tenancy rights against a tenancy premium is a taxable supply of service, even though the underlying property may be immovable.
  • Sale/transfer of the building itself remains outside GST (Schedule III).

## 3. Food & beverages supplied at a cinema hall

  • When supplied independently of cinema tickets, the supply of food / beverages at a cinema hall is taxable as a 'restaurant service' (at the restaurant rate), not at the cinema rate.
  • When clubbed with the ticket as a single composite price, the entire bundle takes the rate of the principal supply (exhibition of cinema).

## 4. Holding of shares of a subsidiary by a holding company

  • Mere holding of shares of a subsidiary by the parent company is not a supply of service.
  • Hence no GST is leviable on such holding.

## 5. Inter-state movement of conveyances (between distinct persons of the same PAN)

  • Inter-state movement of trucks, buses, cranes, rigs, tools and similar conveyances not for further supply is not regarded as a supply.
  • However, repair and maintenance carried out on such conveyances is a supply of service and is taxable.

## 6. Printing contracts (composite supplies)

SituationPrincipal SupplyTreatment
Content supplied by author/publisher; only printing done by the printerService of printingSupply of Service
Physical inputs (paper, envelope design supplied by recipient is used by printer to produce printed envelopes/letter heads/cartons)Goods producedSupply of Goods

## 7. Priority Sector Lending Certificates (PSLCs)

  • PSLCs traded between banks are treated as goods and are liable to GST.

## 8. Honorarium to guest anchors

  • Honorarium received by guest anchors / artists from TV channels for appearing on a show is liable to GST (it is a supply of service) — provided the anchor crosses the threshold limit.

## 9. Sale of developed land (after levelling, drainage laying, etc.)

  • Sale of plotted land — even after carrying out levelling, laying of drainage / electricity lines, etc. — remains covered by Schedule III (sale of land).
  • Hence it is neither a supply of goods nor a supply of services.

## 10. Pre-Paid Instruments (PPIs)

  • A PPI (e-wallet, prepaid card) is treated as money, hence its issue/loading is not a supply.
  • An instrument that is not a PPI (e.g. unredeemed gift voucher representing a right) is an actionable claim.

## 11. ESOP / ESPP / RSU received from a foreign holding company

  • When an Indian subsidiary employee receives shares of the overseas holding company under an ESOP/ESPP/RSU plan and the Indian company merely reimburses the cost (on cost-to-cost basis) without any markup, it is not regarded as a supply of service from the holding company.
  • GST applies only if an additional fee/markup is charged over and above the cost of shares.

Worked example

### Example 1

Q. An artist sends 10 paintings to a Mumbai art gallery on 1 May. The gallery sells 3 paintings on 15 June and returns the rest on 30 November. When does GST liability arise?\nA. At dispatch on 1 May → no supply (sent on approval). Supply (and GST) arises on 15 June only for the 3 paintings actually sold. The 7 returned paintings remain non-supplies.

### Example 2

Q. PVR Cinemas sells a 'movie + popcorn + cold drink' combo at a single counter for ₹500. Separately, customers walking up to the food counter buy popcorn for ₹250 without a movie ticket. How are these taxed?\nA. Combo of movie + food → composite supply, principal supply being cinema exhibition; entire ₹500 taxed at cinema rate. Stand-alone popcorn/cold drink → 'restaurant service', taxed at the restaurant rate.

### Example 3

Q. XYZ Ltd (Delhi) sends its crane to its Mumbai branch for a project. Later, it gets the crane repaired in Mumbai by an outside vendor. GST consequences?\nA. Inter-state movement of the crane is not a supply, so no GST on the movement itself. Repair services received from the vendor are a supply of service and GST is leviable on those charges.

⚠️ Common exam mistakes

  • Charging GST when a holding company merely holds shares of its subsidiary — passive shareholding is not a service.
  • Treating the sale of plotted land after development as taxable — sale of land remains under Schedule III even after levelling/laying utilities.
  • Treating all printing jobs uniformly as 'supply of goods' or 'supply of service' — the classification depends on who owns the content and what is being produced.
  • Levying GST on inter-state movement of own conveyances between branches — only the repair/maintenance attracts GST, not the movement itself.
  • Charging GST on ESOP shares allotted by an overseas holding company when the Indian employer recovers only the cost without any markup.
Reference: — CBIC Circulars (Circular Nos. 22/22/2017-GST, 35/9/2018-GST, 27/01/2018, 44/18/2018, 199/11/2023, 213/07/2024 and Press releases)
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