## Articles of Association (AOA)
The AOA contains the regulations for the internal management of the company. The AOA referred to in the Act means the AOA as originally framed or as altered under previous company law or this Act.
A company may include additional matters in its AOA, the most important of which is Entrenchment Provisions.
### Entrenchment of AOA
What is entrenchment?
Entrenchment makes altering certain AOA provisions more difficult than the ordinary route (a special resolution). It imposes stringent conditions — for example, requiring 100% consent or some other higher threshold — to protect specified provisions from being amended easily.
### Manner of Inclusion of Entrenchment Provisions
Entrenchment provisions may be included:
1. On formation of the company, OR
2. By amendment later, agreed to by:
- All members in the case of a private company, OR
- A Special Resolution (SR) in the case of a public company.
### Notice to ROC
The company shall notify the Registrar of Companies (ROC):
- In SPICe+ (INC-32) if introduced at the time of formation.
- In Form MGT-14 within 30 days after entrenchment for existing companies.
### Forms of Articles (Schedule I — Tables F to J)
| Table | Type of Company |
|---|---|
| F | Company limited by shares |
| G | Company limited by guarantee and having share capital |
| H | Company limited by guarantee and not having share capital |
| I | Unlimited company having share capital |
| J | Unlimited company not having share capital |
A company may adopt all or any of the regulations contained in the model articles applicable to it.