## Registered Office of the Company (Sec 12)
### What is a Registered Office (R.O.)?
A physical location where legal documents, notices, and communications (from the ROC, courts, etc.) can be served. A P.O. Box is NOT permitted.
### Time Limits
| Company Type | Time to Establish R.O. |
|---|---|
| Normal company | 30 days from incorporation |
| IFSC companies | 60 days from incorporation |
The company must also verify its R.O. within 30 days of incorporation.
### Display & Documentation Requirements
| Requirement | Detail |
|---|---|
| Name Board | Affix name & address on outside of office in legible letters — in English AND local language. |
| Common Seal (if any) | Company's name engraved on it. |
| Official Documents | Name, R.O. address, CIN, phone, fax, email, website on all business letters, billheads, notices, official publications. |
| Instruments | Name on hundis, promissory notes, bills of exchange. |
| Former Name | If name changed in last 2 years, show former name(s) alongside current name. |
| OPC | Words 'One Person Company' in brackets under the company name wherever it appears. |
### Changes in R.O. — Notification
Notice of any change in R.O. shall be given to ROC within 30 days of change.
### Procedure for Change of R.O.
| Type of Change | Approval Required |
|---|---|
| Within local limits of city/town/village | Board Resolution is sufficient |
| Outside local limits of city/town/village | Special Resolution required |
| Within same IFSC centre | Board Resolution is sufficient |
### Change of R.O. Outside Jurisdiction of ROC (within same State)
1. Apply to Regional Director (RD) in Form INC-23 with fee.
2. RD confirms within 30 days of receipt of application.
3. Company files confirmation with ROC within 60 days of confirmation.
4. ROC registers and issues Certificate within 30 days of filing.
5. Certificate is conclusive evidence that all requirements are met. Change takes effect from date of certificate.
### Penalty for Default
- ₹1,000 per day per default, up to a maximum of ₹1 Lakh for the company and officers in default.
### Physical Verification by ROC
If the ROC suspects no business is being carried on, he may physically verify the R.O. Default may lead to removal of the company's name from the register.