Launch offer — 25% off with code LAUNCH-25 See plans →
Microlesson · 5-min read

AS 10 – Initial Measurement: Components of Cost of PPE

## Initial Measurement of PPE – Cost Components

When PPE is purchased or self-constructed, the initial cost includes:

### Inclusions in Cost

ComponentNotes
Purchase priceLess any trade discounts
Non-refundable taxese.g., GST where Input Tax Credit is NOT available. If tax is refundable/claimable, do NOT include in cost.
Directly attributable expensesDelivery costs, installation charges, employee costs (only if employees were directly involved in construction/acquisition)
Testing costs (net)Cost of testing minus any income earned during testing
Professional feesConsultancy/legal fees taken specifically for constructing or acquiring the asset
Borrowing costsOnly if the asset is a qualifying asset as per AS 16
Decommissioning/dismantling/site restoration costRecorded at present value on the date of acquisition

### Exclusions from Cost

Excluded ItemTreatment
Inauguration/advertising/promotional expensesExpense to P&L
Training costsExpense to P&L
General/administrative overheadsExpense to P&L
Initial operating lossesExpense to P&L
Cash discounts receivedReduce from PPE cost; transfer to P&L
Miscellaneous income not related to constructionTransfer to P&L
Interest expense (general borrowing)Transfer to P&L (unless qualifying asset under AS 16)
Income from incidental use before construction beginsTransfer to P&L (do NOT reduce from asset cost)

---

## Testing Cost – Special Rule

Testing income is only netted against testing cost if the testing occurs before the asset is available for use (i.e., before it is brought to the location and condition necessary for intended use).

Net Testing Cost = Gross Testing Cost − Testing Income

This net figure is added to the cost of the asset.

---

## GST / Tax Treatment

  • GST not refundable (no ITC) → Add to cost of asset
  • GST refundable (ITC available) → Do NOT add to cost of asset

Worked example

### Example 1

Example (GST): iPhone purchased for ₹50,000 + 18% GST = ₹9,000.

  • Case 1 (No Tax Benefit/Refund): Cost of Asset = ₹59,000
  • Case 2 (ITC Available): Cost of Asset = ₹50,000 (GST excluded)

### Example 2

Example (Testing): Metro construction — Testing expenditure ₹90,000, Testing income ₹10,000.

  • Net Testing Cost = ₹90,000 − ₹10,000 = ₹80,000
  • Add ₹80,000 to cost of asset.
  • The ₹10,000 income is generated during testing (before public launch) → netted against testing cost, not credited to P&L.

### Example 3

Example (Cash Discount): PPE purchased for ₹10,000; upfront payment made; cash discount received ₹500, trade discount ₹7,500.

  • PPE Cost = ₹10,000 − ₹7,500 (trade discount) = ₹2,500... but the cash discount ₹500 is transferred to P&L (not reduced from PPE).
  • Journal: PPE A/c Dr ₹9,500 | To C/B ₹9,500; then Discount Received credited to P&L.

### Example 4

Example (Incidental Income before construction): AK Ltd bought land for construction; used it as a car parking site before construction started, earning miscellaneous income.

  • The parking income is NOT adjusted against cost of asset — it is credited to 'Other Income' in P&L.

### Example 5

Example (Deferred Payment / Interest): Laptop purchased; payment ₹10,000 due after 1 year; imputed interest = ₹1,000.

  • Cost of Asset on Day 1 = ₹10,000 (present value)
  • Interest of ₹1,000 transferred to P&L over the period (not capitalised, unless qualifying asset under AS 16).

⚠️ Common exam mistakes

  • Including GST/tax in cost even when ITC is available and refundable — only non-refundable taxes are capitalised.
  • Adding gross testing cost without netting the testing income — the net testing cost (after deducting testing income) is added to the asset.
  • Capitalising inauguration, advertising, or training expenses — these are always expensed to P&L.
  • Reducing incidental income (earned before construction starts) from the cost of the asset — it should go to P&L, not reduce asset cost.
  • Capitalising interest expense as part of PPE cost when the asset is not a qualifying asset under AS 16.
Bare-Act text Paragraph 10 – Measurement at Recognition · AS 10 – Property, Plant and Equipment (ICAI) · click to expand
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises: (a) its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates; (b) any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management; (c) the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
Now that you've read this — what's next?
Move from understanding → mastery in 3 clicks. Each option below picks up from this lesson's topic.
Start 15-min diagnostic