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Microlesson · 5-min read

AS 2 – Cost of Purchase

## Components of Cost of Purchase

Applies to: Raw Materials and Finished Goods purchased from outside.

### Included in Cost of Purchase:

ComponentNotes
Purchase PriceBefore trade discounts
Less: Trade discounts & rebatesDeducted from purchase price
Import dutiesIf non-refundable
Non-refundable taxese.g., GST where no ITC available
Freight / Transport chargesYes — include
Handling costsYes — include
Insurance on purchasesYes — include
Brokerage / Commission to buying agentYes — include

### ⚠️ Key Rule: Refundable vs Non-Refundable Taxes

  • GST with Input Tax Credit (ITC) → Tax is refundableDeduct from cost (do NOT include)
  • GST without ITC → Tax is non-refundableInclude in cost

> Test: "Will the business get this money back?" If yes → exclude from cost.

Worked example

### Example 1

Purchase 20,000 kg @ ₹110 = ₹22,00,000

Less GST ITC (refundable): 20,000 × ₹12 = ₹2,40,000

Net cost: ₹19,60,000

Add Freight: ₹1,17,600

Total cost of purchase = ₹20,77,600

Revised cost per kg (after normal loss of 2%): ₹20,77,600 ÷ 19,600 kg = ₹106/kg

### Example 2

Raw material cost build-up:

Cost price ₹380 + Freight ₹40 + Unloading ₹20 = Total cost ₹440 per unit

(Replacement cost ₹300 — not used here since FG is sold above cost)

⚠️ Common exam mistakes

  • Including GST when ITC is available — refundable taxes must NOT be included in cost
  • Excluding freight or handling charges — these are directly attributable and must be included
  • Including trade discounts in cost — trade discounts are always deducted
  • Including selling commission in purchase cost — only buying agent commission is included; selling costs are excluded
Bare-Act text Para 6 · AS 2 – Valuation of Inventories · click to expand
The cost of purchase consists of the purchase price including duties and taxes, freight inwards and other expenditure directly attributable to the acquisition. Trade discounts, rebates, duty drawbacks and other similar items are deducted in determining the cost of purchase.
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